What is a Split System Air Conditioner
This design provides greater flexibility in installation and typically delivers improved energy efficiency compared to traditional single-unit systems, such as window air conditioners. Mini split systems are highly energy-efficient and often exceed the minimum SEER ratings required by the new HVAC standards.
How Does a Ductless Mini Split Air Conditioner Work?
Ductless air conditioning systems, commonly referred to as mini-splits, consist of individual units in each room connected to an outdoor compressor. Each indoor unit features evaporator coils that are cooled by refrigerant. As warm air from the room passes over these coils, it is absorbed, allowing the refrigerant to carry the heat outside to the outdoor unit.
Unlike traditional systems that rely on extensive ductwork to circulate air, mini-splits install compact units directly in each space. These units efficiently draw in warm air and release cool air, providing targeted comfort without the need for ducts. A popular alternative to traditional air conditioners, mini-splits are less intrusive and quieter than conventional units. How do split ac units work? Very well!
Key Components of a Mini Split AC
A mini split air conditioner consists of two main parts. The indoor unit, the air handler, is installed inside the home, and the other component, the condenser unit, is located outside. The components are connected via a conduit housing the power, refrigerant, and drainage lines.
The Condenser Unit
Control Board
The control board receives signals from a thermostat and engages the fan, compressor, and other parts for energy-efficient climate control.
Compressor
The compressor pressurizes and pumps the refrigerant, transforming it into a high-pressure, high-temperature gas that releases heat as it passes through the system.
Capacitor
The capacitor delivers an extra boost of energy to kick-start the motor for smooth and efficient cooling.
Condenser Coil
When refrigerant passes through the condenser coil, the condenser fan blows heat into the surrounding air. The condenser coil then transforms the refrigerant into its original liquid state for the next cooling cycle.
Reversing Valve
Refrigerant flows in one direction for heat, and the other direction for air conditioning. A reversing valve reverses the flow to switch the system from cooling mode to heating mode.
The Air Handler
Evaporator Coil
The evaporator coil absorbs heat to create cool air and releases heat to warm the air. A blower fan pushes the air across the evaporator coil to deliver air at a consistent temperature.
Louvers
Most air handlers are equipped with adjustable louvers that help control the direction and amount of the conditioned air.
Air Filter
Mini splits rely on high-efficiency air filters to capture dust, allergens, and other air pollutants, creating better air quality and increased comfort.
Advantages of Mini Split ACs
The key differences between mini split ACs and conventional air conditioners are their ability to use less energy while providing superior comfort and convenience. Another key advantage of mini split air conditioners is that they don’t require ductwork, making them an ideal alternative for more homes.
Placement
Mini splits are more compact and lighter than traditional units, which allows for nearly endless installation options. They can be used in bedrooms, dens, garages, and other living areas and work in conjunction with a traditional HVAC.
Installation
Mini split systems are significantly easier to install than conventional HVACs. Mini splits need no ductwork, are easy to handle, and require minimal modifications to a home.
Climate Control
One of the best ways to lower energy costs while remaining comfortable is by heating and cooling only specific rooms or zones. Mini splits make controlling temperatures in particular areas easy and convenient.
Energy Efficiency
Mini split heat pumps featuring ENERGY STAR certification are eco-friendly and save money on utilities compared to other HVAC options. ENERGY STAR-certified mini splits use up to 60% less energy than conventional home electric radiators.
Improved Air Quality
Many mini-split systems are equipped with built-in air filters that remove dust and other contaminants to help improve air quality. Additionally, because mini splits are powered by electricity, there are no toxic fumes like those with some conventional HVAC systems.
How Mini Splits Provide Heating: The Heat Pump Function
Unlike conventional AC units, mini split heat pumps can produce heat by reversing the refrigerant flow. Mini splits provide heating with a heat pump that disengages the cooling process to extract heat from outdoor air. The heat pump relies on refrigerant to transfer the heated air indoors and is activated with a reversing valve. Here’s how mini splits deliver consistent and comfortable heating in every room.
A mini split heat pump is highly efficient because it transfers heat rather than generating it, creating an efficient and cost-effective heating source. The outdoor unit absorbs heat from the surrounding air using extremely cold refrigerant and then sends the heated refrigerant to the indoor unit. Once inside the air handler, the refrigerant releases the heat, which is circulated by the unit’s fan. A mini split heat pump can be used with traditional HVAC systems or as a stand-alone device, providing flexible AC and heating installation options.
The Installation Process: What to Expect During a Mini Split AC Installation
A mini split air conditioner installation requires minimal modifications and is significantly faster than traditional HVACs. A hole about 2.5 inches is cut into an interior wall to allow the line set to pass through to the exterior. The drain line, wiring, and refrigerant line connect the air handling unit indoors to the condenser unit outside. A mounting bracket is installed to secure the indoor unit to the wall, which covers the line set and hole.
The outdoor condenser unit is installed directly beneath the hole on a solid, level base. The inside and outside components are connected to the line set, and the condenser is then hooked up to a new electrical circuit.
Whether you want a mini split system to supplement your HVAC or create an entirely ductless system, count on Bill Howe Plumbing, Heating & Air, and Flood.
